SIMON NORTON
Director of the International Zinc Association (Africa)
In the quest for agricultural growth across Africa, zinc fertilisers are emerging as a vital solution. They tackle critical soil deficiencies, boost crop yields, and play a significant role in promoting food security. Simon Norton, Director of the International Zinc Association in Africa, sheds light on the manufacturing of zinc fertilisers, how they are applied in the soil, and the diverse range of crops that stand to gain from their use.
“Zinc is a crucial micronutrient that is essential for crop growth and development,” Norton emphasises. With nutrient-poor soils being a widespread challenge in Africa, zinc fertilisers provide a powerful means to enhance agricultural productivity and contribute to sustainable food systems.
The production of zinc fertilisers begins with raw materials such as zinc sulphate, zinc oxide, and chelated zinc compounds, sourced from mined zinc ores or recycled industrial by-products. The manufacturing process blends zinc with other essential nutrients, resulting in uniform pellets through granulation, followed by drying and packaging.
“Zinc fertilisers are meticulously engineered to maximize efficiency and usability,” explains Norton. “The granules are crafted for even distribution and optimal absorption, ensuring that plants receive the nutrients needed to thrive. Surfactants play a key role by ensuring that the zinc ion reaches the right soil locations to enhance crop growth.”
Zinc can be applied through various methods, each suited to different farming needs. For large fields, broadcast application ensures uniform distribution but requires careful management to minimize nutrient loss. Band application places zinc fertilisers near the roots, increasing nutrient availability while reducing the overall quantity needed.
Foliar sprays provide quick and effective solutions for crops with visible zinc deficiencies, while seed coating applies zinc to seeds before planting, giving seedlings immediate access to this critical nutrient. Additionally, fertigation allows for precise nutrient delivery via irrigation systems.
“Each method has its advantages,” Norton highlights, noting that the choice of application depends on the specific crop, soil conditions, and the farmer’s goals.
Zinc fertilisers have proven particularly effective for a wide variety of crops:
- Cereals: Wheat, rice, and maize benefit significantly from zinc’s role in grain filling and root development.
- Legumes: Beans and lentils experience enhanced nitrogen fixation and improved seed quality.
- Vegetables and fruits: From tomatoes to citrus, zinc boosts yield, quality, and disease resistance.
- Oilseeds and tubers: Crops like soybeans and potatoes show stronger growth and resilience.
“Using zinc is not merely about increasing yield; it is about ensuring the nutritional quality of our food,” stresses Norton, highlighting the critical link between zinc deficiency in soils and human health in Africa.
Addressing zinc deficiencies in African soils carries implications beyond farming. “Zinc is essential for human nutrition. Adequate zinc levels in our crops lead to healthier communities and help combat malnutrition and stunted growth.”
Moreover, zinc fertilisers contribute to building resilience against climate change. Norton points out that healthy, zinc-enriched crops are better equipped to withstand drought and pest stresses, making zinc integrally important to sustainable farming practices.
With the promise of enhancing agricultural productivity and improving food quality, zinc fertilisers are indeed a catalyst for agricultural growth in Africa, paving the way for a healthier future.